Strategic Factors and Their Influence on the Export Performance of Brazilian Wine Industry Organizations
Internationalization; Export Intensity; Export Success; Bibliometric Analysis; QCA (Qualitative Comparative Analysis).
This study aims to analyze the configurations of factors that contribute to the successful strategic export performance of organizations in the Brazilian wine industry. A methodological approach was adopted, combining a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) technique, applied to a sample of 27 wine sector companies that have previously engaged in exports. The SLR covered the period from 2014 to 2024 and enabled the identification of the main factors and variables related to export performance, while the QCA made it possible to understand the multiple causal combinations responsible for this performance, based on empirical data collected via questionnaire. The results revealed that there is no single path to achieving export success, but rather multiple effective configurations. Four main combinations of factors were identified that explain both the presence of an internationalization strategy and export experience among the organizations analyzed. In all configurations, the presence of qualified human management (human capital) stood out as a common and indispensable factor. Additionally, elements such as marketing capability, organizational innovation, and participation in relationship networks were found to be necessary factors for export performance. The findings are relevant for the formulation of public policies and business strategies aimed at promoting exports in the wine sector. The study’s main applied contribution is the development of an artifact, Paths to Internationalization: Strategy Manual, based on the identified causal combinations, which can be used by managers, support agencies, and industry associations. Thus, the research not only advances the academic knowledge frontier regarding business internationalization but also offers practical value by contributing to the strengthening of the international competitiveness of Brazilian wines and juices. As limitations, the study highlights the small sample size - consistent with the QCA approach - but which restricts the generalization of the results. Furthermore, the exclusive focus on the wine sector limits the direct application of the findings to other industries. Future research could expand the sample, explore other strategic variables, and compare different sectors or countries, as well as conduct longitudinal studies to observe the evolution of organizational capabilities over time.